The main histocompatibility complex in the recognition of foreign antigens and the development of an adaptive immune response

Moskalev A.V., Gumilevskiy B.Yu., Zhestkov A.V., Zolotov M.O., Kulagina V.V.

Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Medical University Reaviz, Samara, Russia
Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia

Contemporary data reflecting the biological effects of the main histocompatibility complex in the recognition of foreign antigens and the features of the development of an adaptive immune response are considered in this article. Antigen-presenting cells, using a cross-presentation mechanism, take samples from the extracellular environment and present them to the molecules of the major histocompatibility complex. Therefore, the identification of peptide download sites during cross-presentation is a key mechanism. The monomorphic conserved MR1 molecule, unlike others, is a small organic molecule. MR1-antigen complexes are recognized by the invariant T-cell receptor. In the presentation of antigens, an important role belongs to subpopulations of classical dendritic cells of types 1 and 2, as well as plasmacytodic dendritic cells, which function under the control of multiple transcription factors expressed in unique combinations.